Perianal Haematoma
A perianal haematoma is best regarded as a burst blood vessel in the skin surrounding the anus. Blood pools outside the vessel beneath the skin, causing a visible dark-blue discolouration. Perianal hematomas are sensitive to pressure, and their soreness increases with size. Pain can also intensify as the blood inside begins to clot. It occurs after straining or trauma i.e after passing a hard stool or commonly after child birth.
Treatment
Treatment is either: expectant ie. providing symptomatic relief whilst the swelling subsides or surgical in which the overlying skin is excised and the haematoma is expressed.
The majority of individuals with perianal haematomas may control it through self-care practices, including:
- Avoiding activities that irritate and worsen pain, like running and weightlifting.
- Using a cold compress on the anal area to relieve pain.
- Soak in a warm bath twice daily to aid clot reabsorption and relieve discomfort.
- Avoid straining during bowel movements.
Further techniques that medical practitioners can use to treat a perianal haematoma involve:
- Removing blood using a syringe
- Pain relievers, including nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medications
- Ointment